Cerium oxide serves as a widely used material in various applications. Its exceptional chemical and physical properties lend to its flexibility. For example, cerium oxide is widely used in catalytic converters to minimize harmful emissions from vehicles. Additionally, it finds relevance in the creation of ceramics due to its high refractive index a

Gold sputtering targets are essential components in various thin-film deposition processes, owing to their exceptional attributes. These targets, often made of high-purity gold, are used in a sputtering system to generate an ionized plasma that deposits a thin layer of gold onto a substrate. The resulting gold films exhibit remarkable durability, m